操作系统真实的虚拟内存是什么样的(二:Windows下内存限制)

在继续整理这份笔记之前，我们先列一下Windows各发行版所支持物理内存的最大限制：

1. 内存和地址空间限制

Memory type Limit in on X86 Limit in 64-bit Windows

32位进程用户态的虚拟地址空间	2 GB Up to 3 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE and 4GT	2 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE cleared (default) 4 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE set
64位进用户态的虚拟地址空	N/A	With IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE set (default): x64:8 TB Intel Itanium-based systems:7 TB 2 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE cleared
核心态虚拟地址空间	2 GB From 1 GB to a maximum of 2 GB with 4GT	8 TB
页池	Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space or the PagedPoolLimit registry key value. WindowsVista:Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space. Starting with WindowsVista with Service Pack1 (SP1), the paged pool can also be limited by the PagedPoolLimit registry key value. Windows Home Server and Windows Server2003:530 MB WindowsXP:490 MB	128 GB Windows Server2003 and WindowsXP:Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.
非页池	Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space, the NonPagedPoolLimit registry key value, or physical memory. WindowsVista:Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space and physical memory. Starting with WindowsVista with SP1, the nonpaged pool can also be limited by the NonPagedPoolLimit registry key value. Windows Home Server, Windows Server2003, and WindowsXP:256 MB, or 128 MB with 4GT.	75% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB WindowsVista:40% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB. Windows Server2003 and WindowsXP:Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.
System cache virtual address space (physical size limited only by physical memory)	Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space or the SystemCacheLimit registry key value. WindowsVista:Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space. Starting with WindowsVista with SP1, system cache virtual address space can also be limited by the SystemCacheLimit registry key value. Windows Home Server, Windows Server2003, and WindowsXP:860 MB with LargeSystemCache registry key set and without 4GT; up to 448 MB with 4GT.	Always 1 TB regardless of physical RAM Windows Server2003 and WindowsXP:Up to 1 TB depending on configuration and RAM.

2. 物理内存的限制

2.1 Windows 8

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64

Windows8 Enterprise	4 GB	512 GB
Windows8 Professional	4 GB	512 GB
Windows8	4 GB	128 GB

2.2 Windows Server 2012

Version Limit on X64

Windows Server2012 Datacenter	4 TB
Windows Server2012 Standard	4 TB
Windows Server2012 Essentials	64 GB
Windows Server2012 Foundation	32 GB
Windows Storage Server 2012 Workgroup	32 GB
Windows Storage Server 2012 Standard	4 TB
Hyper-V Server 2012	4 TB

2.3 Windows 7:

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64

Windows7 Ultimate	4 GB	192 GB
Windows7 Enterprise	4 GB	192 GB
Windows7 Professional	4 GB	192 GB
Windows7 Home Premium	4 GB	16 GB
Windows7 Home Basic	4 GB	8 GB
Windows7 Starter	2 GB	N/A

2.4 Windows Server2008R2

Version Limit on X64 Limit on IA64

Windows Server2008R2 Datacenter	2 TB
Windows Server2008R2 Enterprise	2 TB
Windows Server2008R2 for Itanium-Based Systems		2 TB
Windows Server2008R2 Foundation	8 GB
Windows Server2008R2 Standard	32 GB
Windows HPC Server 2008 R2	128 GB
Windows Web Server 2008 R2	32 GB

2.5 Windows Server2008

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64 Limit on IA64

Windows Server2008 Datacenter	64 GB	1 TB
Windows Server2008 Enterprise	64 GB	1 TB
Windows Server2008 HPC Edition		128 GB
Windows Server2008 Standard	4 GB	32 GB
Windows Server2008 for Itanium-Based Systems			2 TB
Windows Small Business Server 2008	4 GB	32 GB
Windows Web Server 2008	4 GB	32 GB

2.6 WindowsVista

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64

WindowsVista Ultimate	4 GB	128 GB
WindowsVista Enterprise	4 GB	128 GB
WindowsVista Business	4 GB	128 GB
WindowsVista Home Premium	4 GB	16 GB
WindowsVista Home Basic	4 GB	8 GB
WindowsVista Starter	1 GB

2.7 Windows Home Server

Windows Home Server 只有32位版本，最大物理内存4G

2.8 Windows Server2003R2

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64

Windows Server2003R2 Datacenter Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	1 TB
Windows Server2003R2 Enterprise Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	1 TB
Windows Server2003R2 Standard Edition	4 GB	32 GB

2.9 Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2)

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64 Limit on IA64

Windows Server2003 with Service Pack2 (SP2), Datacenter Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	1 TB	2 TB
Windows Server2003 with Service Pack2 (SP2), Enterprise Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	1 TB	2 TB
Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Standard Edition	4 GB	32 GB

2.10 Windows Server2003 with Service Pack1 (SP1)

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64 Limit on IA64

Windows Server2003 with Service Pack1 (SP1), Datacenter Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	X64 1 TB	1 TB
Windows Server2003 with Service Pack1 (SP1), Enterprise Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	X64 1 TB	1 TB
Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Standard Edition	4 GB	32 GB

2.11 Windows Server2003

Version Limit on X86 Limit on IA64

Windows Server2003, Datacenter Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	512 GB
Windows Server2003, Enterprise Edition	64 GB (16 GB with 4GT)	512 GB
Windows Server2003, Standard Edition	4 GB
Windows Server2003, Web Edition	2 GB
Windows Small Business Server 2003	4 GB
Windows Compute Cluster Server2003		32 GB
Windows Storage Server2003, Enterprise Edition	8 GB
Windows Storage Server2003	4 GB

2.12 WindowsXP

ersion Limit on X86 Limit on X64 Limit on IA64

WindowsXP	4 GB	128 GB	128 GB (not supported)
WindowsXP Starter Edition	512 MB	N/A	N/A

2.13 Windows Embedded

Version Limit on X86 Limit on X64

Windows XP Embedded	4 GB
Windows Embedded Standard 2009	4 GB
Windows Embedded Standard 7	4 GB	192 GB